Gender Analysis in Gambella and Somali Regions using PRA techniques

UNDP would like to recruit a consultant to facilitate conduct Gender Analysis in Gamballa and Somali for the DRR Project with the following detail ToR. Ethiopia has achieved an average annual economic growth rate of more than 11 percent for the past years. However, despite this significant accomplishment, the country still faces challenges in food security since rural livelihoods are dependent on small scale and rain-fed agriculture. The predominantly agrarian economy of the country is exposed to and highly vulnerable to environmental shocks that often translate into disasters. The increased frequency of climate related extremes manifested mainly in droughts and flooding renders the people highly vulnerable. Over the past years, the threats from successive drought and frequent floods have set back developmental gains, exacerbated food insecurity and diverted scarce development resources to humanitarian response. National Development and Disaster Risk management To arrest the multi faceted problems and build on the sustained developmental gains, Ethiopia has embarked on a growth and transformation agenda to realize its vision of becoming a middle income, democratic and developmental state and a carbon neutral climate resilient economy by 2025. The government also made a major shift in orientation from crisis management to a multi-sectoral and multi-hazard Disaster Risk Management (DRM) approach so as to be better able to achieve the targets articulated in the Growth and Transformational Plan (GTP). This also led to the revision of the Disaster Prevention and Management Policy reinforcing the application of the multi sectoral and integrated DRM approach. To facilitate and guide the process of operationalizing the new DRM approach, the GoE initiated the development of the DRM Strategic Programme and Investment Framework (DRM SPIF) which presents the components and programmes on DRM along the different phases of DRM – pre disaster, disaster and post disaster – and their interrelationship. This has been recently shared among development partners urrently, the Government and development partners support several activities that contribute to reducing the impact of disasters. This among others include the UNDP supported Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihood recovery. The Government has also led the process of woreda disaster risk profiling to have a good understanding of the hazards, vulnerability, and capacities existing at the local level and so as to address successfully the root causes vulnerability, increase resilience and reduce the threat of hazards. The project supports the UNDAF 2007-2011 outcome of strengthening national capacities to respond to situations that threaten the lives and well-being of a significant proportion of a population, which require rapid and appropriate action to ensure their survival, care, protection and recovery while enhancing their resilience to shocks and leading to food security and sustainable livelihoods. It also links with the new UNDAF outcome that stretches from 2012 to 2014 It is the first UNDP and partners-supported project to commence operationalizing the new GoE strategy on disaster risk reduction and the national early recovery strategic framework. The frequency and scale of disasters have increased over recent years and are increasingly exposing large number of people to life and livelihood threatening situation especially the vulnerable group such as women and children. Poverty reduction efforts and progresses registered at individual, household and community levels are also reversing due to weak risk and disaster management practices. The national development plan has recognized the need to build capacity to manage risk and volatility caused by both natural and man-made disasters. Towards effective disaster prevention and recovery responses, policy measures are underway to mitigate the consequences of disasters and maintain the development gains. The proposed project on “Strengthening National Capacities for Disaster Risk Reduction and Livelihoods Recovery,” is a multi-level initiative that will be implemented at the Federal, Regional and Woreda level, contributing to the achievement of Country Programme’s outcomes and the overall vision of the growth and transformation plan of the government. The Disaster risk and early recovery program will be implemented over a period of three years and r intends the following outputs geared towards contributing to the outcomeme mentioned aboveCapacity for risk identification, integrating DRR into development planning, disaster preparedness and response system management and overall disaster risk management strengthened at Federal and Regional and Woreda levelsEnhanced coordination at national, regional and woreda levels for improved emergency management, disaster risk reduction, food security and long term sustainable development.Improved, diversified and adaptive livelihoods for vulnerable Crop and livestock farmers and pastoralists and enhancement of water security through water resource rehabilitation and/or development in target regions.Integrated watershed and flood management systems and settlement programmes developed for flood-prone communitiesInternally displaced persons (IDPs) returned and integrated with enhanced livelihoodsGender Issues Gender equality remains a challenge in Ethiopia. Women continue to be poorer, more marginalized, unhealthier and less secure. According to the 2006 CSA report, women constitute 47% of the labor force, 79.25 of them are illiterate, 68.5% are unpaid family workers, while 24.8 are self employed in informal jobs. As reflected in several indicators Gender differentials persist at all levels. Despite the statistics, Ethiopian women constitutes half of the population, comprise a majority of those living in absolute poverty. Women do not participate and benefit equally with men due to the socio cultural norms and values that govern their lives coupled with their traditional roles. Due to discriminatory traditional customs, the lack of control and access to resources, women continue to be socially and economically dependent. Mostly in disaster situation, Gender relations indicate how disaster impact on people and communities at large. Most importantly, it highlights the impact of disaster on both males and females. Both men and women suffer personal danger in disaster situation but the impact on women may be greater due to their lack of mobility; their triple roles as bearers especially pregnant women; careers of the children, elderly and persons with disabilities in the family and community; and community organizers. Furthermore, due to several pre-disaster conditions, such as poverty, illiteracy, health dangers from sexual and reproductive roles, gender-based discrimination in accessing basic resources, under-representation in national and local institutions, and, weak property rights, make women more vulnerable to hazards. Factors such as the land tenure system in relation to women’s usufruct rights as opposed to ownership rights to productive agricultural land, increases their vulnerably in pre and post disaster situations. In post disaster women’s workload increases significantly while they try to balance their traditional roles and addressing the disaster situation. They are also more vulnerable to social abuse during and post disasters which impact on their health and safety as well as their children. This situation increased their drudgery in caring for the children, elderly and persons with disabilities. The limited economic assets and other belongings they have are also lost living them with no means of immediate earnings. This includes access to quality arable land, limited or no food for family consumption and appropriate domicile. Considering the above gender challenges in disaster risk management, women’s equal participation and benefit with men cannot be considered separately. Thus gender analysis is sine quo non for effective and efficient management and sustainability of the DRR program in the rural areas. Assessment of the gender gaps and the identifying the social, cultural norms and values that exists tin the communities is necessary for efficient management and sustainability of the DRR Program, As a result, this consultancy to conduct gender analysis is found imperative

Duties and Responsibilities

Objectives: The main objectives of the assessment is to establish facts and evidence base on Gender differentials at the local level and build capacities of local communities for effective management and sustainability of the Disaster Risk and Early recovery of Program, using participatory rural development approach. Specific objectives: Gather information on the social, cultural and economic factor that may impact on equal participation of men and women identified Establish data on the gender differential, roles and responsibilities Participation of women and men in the DRR program ensured. Expected Outputs: Identify socio-economic status of the two selected regions namely: Somali and Gambella, as it relates to Disaster Risk Early Recovery. Establish cultural norms, values, believes and practices that aggrevate gender inequality, harmful traditional practices identified in the two regions which would impact on the DRR programmes. Identify barriers to effective and equal participation by male and females in DRR programmes. Increase knowledge of the communities understanding of the importance of gender mainstreaming in DRR. Develop skills in gender mainstreaming, gender sensitive monitoring and evaluation developed. Checklist for gender mainstreaming in DRR. Produce a comprehensive report on the findings of the gender analysis, strategies to address gender gaps and recommendations. Scope of the Gender Analysis - PRA The Gambella and Somali regions are among the four DRR implemented regions of Ethiopia. These areas have repeatedly encountered recurrent drought that worsened vulnerability level of the poor, resulting in wide spread internal displacement, and posed the need for an integrated recovery program to enable pastoral and agro pastoral communities to recover from the impacts of drought. As in most natural calamities, women are the most vulnerable groups as they try to blend their social roles and the crisis. Methodology: A Participatory rural Appraisal (PRA) approach is considered more appropriate in ensuring equal participation and in the identification of the gender gaps and ensures community involvement in the planning and management of the disaster risk program. In addition, the communities would recognize the causative factors and barriers that contribute to the gender barriers. The value added to this approach is that those negative practices and beliefs that may impact on the vulnerable groups to enjoy equal rights and benefits from development activates in their communities would be identified and addressed by themselves. Duration 10 weeks; 1st week consultation with relevant Bureaus, review documents, policies and strategies and submit inception report 2nd – 5th weeks (2 weeks each) - conduct PRA and ngender analysis in each of the two regions 6th week – analyse the findings and prepare the draft report and submit for comments 7th week - Incorporate feedback/comments 8th – 9th weeks – validation workshop per region 10th week – report completed with amendments and recommendations and submit the final report not later than end of the 10th week. Deliverables: Conduct PRA and carry out gender analysis after all the protocols/negotiations completed and contract signed Prepare inception report and submit to DRR team and Gender Adviser Conduct PRA and carry out gender analysis in each of the two regions Analyse the findings and prepare draft report and submit to DRR team Incorporate comments and amend report Conduct validation workshop in each region Amend draft report Discuss draft with project team Finalize report Submit final report to the DRR Project Manager

Competencies

Proven work experience in gender participatory rural appraisal. Knowledge of Gender Analysis using PRA techniques is an added advantage. Knowledge of Disaster Risk reduction and Early Recovery is a great advantage. Good knowledge of UNDP Rules and regulations added advantage. Excellent spoken and written English language and interpersonal communication skills.

Required Skills and Experience

Education: Advance University Degree in Gender and Development or any of the relevant social Sciences with focus on Gender Analysis with at least 3 years practical experience. Minimum of Bachelor’s degree and five years work experience. Experience: Minimum of 5 years work experience in gender analysis, gender mainstreaming in programs and projects. At least 5 years work experience with local communities in and the field of rural development – programs/projects preferably in disaster risk reduction and recovery. Interested individual consultants must submit the following documents/information to demonstrate their qualifications: Proposal should be submitted at the following address:- UNDP/Procurement Unit, P. O. Box 5580, A.A, Ethiopia or by hand to UNDP/Procurement Unit, Old Building 6th Floor, Room no. 606 or with e-mail: procurment.et@undp.org; 1. Proposal: (not more than 450 words) Explaining why they are the most suitable for the work. Provide a brief methodology on how they will approach and conduct the work 2. Financial proposal: indicate lump sum payable on deliverables ( %). 3. Personal CV including past experience in similar projects and at least 3 references Individual consultants will be evaluated based on the following methodologies: Cumulative analysis The award of the contract shall be made to the individual consultant whose offer has been evaluated and determined as: responsive/compliant/acceptable having received the highest score out of a pre-determined set of weighted technical and financial criteria specific to the solicitation. * Technical Criteria weight; 70% * Financial Criteria weight; 30% Only candidates obtaining a minimum of 49 point and above would be considered for the Financial Evaluation Criteria Weight Max. Point Technical (based on CV, Proposal and Interview) Minimum educational background and work experience (CV) 10% 10 Understanding of scope of work and methodology (From Proposal) 20% 20 Individual Competencies or Interview 40% 40

UNDP is committed to achieving workforce diversity in terms of gender, nationality and culture. Individuals from minority groups, indigenous groups and persons with disabilities are equally encouraged to apply. All applications will be treated with the strictest confidence.

Gender Analysis in Gambella and Somali Regions using PRA techniques